Pakistan Deploys First Submarine to Bay of Bengal Since 1971, June 19

Pakistan has inducted its first China-built Hangor-class submarine, PNS Hangor, and plans to deploy it to the Bay of Bengal for the first time since 1971. Senior Pakistan Navy officials say the submarine will help maintain a presence in strategically important waters. The move signals Pakistan’s intent to expand its naval reach and modernise its underwater warfare capabilities.

First Submarine Arrives After Decade of Delays

Pakistan received PNS Hangor after years of delays on the submarine programme. The vessel is the first of eight Hangor-class submarines Pakistan plans to acquire under a deal that began in 2015. Equipped with Air-Independent Propulsion (AIP) technology, the submarine can remain underwater for longer periods without surfacing, making it harder to detect.

Bay of Bengal Returns After 55-Year Absence

Pakistan has had minimal military presence in the Bay of Bengal since Bangladesh’s creation in 1971. Senior Pakistan Navy officials indicated the submarine could enable deployments far beyond the Arabian Sea into the Bay of Bengal. The Bay of Bengal connects major trade and energy routes and has become a focal point for regional and global naval powers competing for influence.

Strategic Shift in Indo-Pacific Competition

India maintains significant strategic advantages in the region through its Eastern Naval Command in Visakhapatnam and control of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The Bay of Bengal is bordered by India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka, making it increasingly important for geopolitical competition. Pakistan’s renewed interest in the region adds another layer to evolving maritime competition in the Indo-Pacific.

China Strengthens Pakistan’s Naval Capabilities

Pakistan has received Type 054A/P frigates alongside the submarines as part of its fleet modernisation programme. China’s support reflects efforts to keep India engaged militarily and strengthen Pakistan’s underwater warfare capabilities. The submarines are expected to boost Pakistan’s surveillance and strike capabilities across the Indian Ocean region.

Final Thoughts

Pakistan’s submarine deployment marks a major shift in South Asian naval strategy after 55 years. The move intensifies regional competition and forces India to reassess its maritime security posture in the Bay of Bengal.

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